#Control synonym driver
Failure modesīefore drive by wire technology was introduced, if a throttle stuck open a driver could generally put a toe under the accelerator and lift up. Such technology has recently been extended to other vehicle systems to include features like brake assist and electronic steering control, but these systems are much less common, also requiring careful design to ensure appropriate back-up and fail-safe modes.
#Control synonym software
Most ETC systems have sensor and controller redundancy, even as complex as independent microprocessors with independently written software within a control module whose calculations are compared to check for possible errors and faults.Īnti-lock braking (ABS) is a similar safety critical technology, whilst not completely 'by-wire', it has the ability to electronically intervene contrary to the driver's demand. Much of the engineering involved with drive-by-wire technologies including ETC deals with failure and fault management.
#Control synonym drivers
Nowadays, the vast majority of drivers have no idea how much intervention is happening. ETC provides only a very limited benefit in areas such as air-fuel ratio control, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption reduction, working in concert with other technologies such as gasoline direct injection.Ī criticism of the very early ETC implementations was that they were "overruling" driver decisions. The ETC is also working 'behind the scenes' to dramatically improve the ease with which the driver can execute gear changes and deal with the dramatic torque changes associated with rapid accelerations and decelerations.ĮTC facilitates the integration of features such as cruise control, traction control, stability control, and precrash systems and others that require torque management, since the throttle can be moved irrespective of the position of the driver's accelerator pedal.
However, acceleration response may occasionally be slower than with cable-driven throttle. The benefits of ETC are largely unnoticed by most drivers because the aim is to make the vehicle power-train characteristics seamlessly consistent irrespective of prevailing conditions, such as engine temperature, altitude, accessory loads etc. The electric motor within the ETC is then driven to the required position via a closed-loop control algorithm within the ECU.
Instead, the electronic control unit (ECU) determines the required throttle position by calculations from data measured by other sensors such as an accelerator pedal position sensor, engine speed sensor, vehicle speed sensor etc. An ETC-equipped vehicle has no such cable. Most automobiles already use a throttle position sensor (TPS) to provide input to traction control, antilock brakes, fuel injection, and other systems, but use a bowden cable to directly connect the pedal with the throttle. (May 2008)Įlectronic throttle control (ETC) is an automobile technology which severs the mechanical link between the accelerator pedal and the throttle. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. "The average driver, placed in the same situation as my Client was, simply does not possess the skills needed to have avoided/evaded the outcome.This article does not cite any references or sources. "Because my Client possesses the same abilities as the average driver, the unfortunate outcome was unavoidable/inevasible." "Even though my Client was exercising the same level of care and skill with which the average (defensive) driver possesses, the unfortunate outcome was inevasible/unavoidable." That being said since it appears you have narrowed your choices to be one of only two colloquial expressions, I would agree with what appears to be the majority consensus to use "beyond their control" as you initially wrote.īecause your Context is "The defendant will not be liable if they can show that the accident could not have been avoided by exercising ordinary care and skill.", that writing with a more direct approach could be more effective for your argument. Both words make strong statements which are not open to interpretation or confusion. I would avoid the use of expressions and instead suggest you use a single word inevasible, or unavoidable.
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